临床护士循证护理态度、实践和知识的认知状况及其影响因素的现况研究

A cross-sectional study on nurses' perceptions of attitude,knowledge and practice regarding evidence based nursing and its influencing factors

目的：评价临床护士对循证护理的态度、知识和实践的认知程度，探讨人群和职业特征对循证护理态度、知识和实践的影响状况。方法2014年3－5月，采用中文版的循证实践调查问卷对北京一大型医院的临床护士进行调查，399名应答者完成了问卷调查。结果护士循证实践（EBPQ ）问卷总分均分为3．97，得分最高的是态度维度，均分为4．42；其次是实践维度，均分为3．76；得分最低的是知识维度，均分为3．72。不同工作时间的护士（0～2年、2～10年、10～20年以及＞20年）循证态度（ P＝0．01）、实践（ P＝0．03）、知识（ P＝0．02）均分的比较差异均有统计学意义。不同工作职务（护士长／普通护士）循证态度（P＝0．00）、实践（P＝0．00）、知识（P＝0．00）均分比较差异也有统计学意义。多元回归分析结果显示：工作职务和工作时间是循证护理态度、知识和实践的预测变量。结论尽管护士在临床实践中倾向于应用循证护理，但很有必要发展和提高护士的循证护理知识和、实践及技能。护士的工作职务和工作时间是影响循证护理态度、知识和实践的重要因素。这些结果为日常护理实践制订实施循证护理的政策提供了基础性资料。

Objective To assess nurses＇perceptions of attitude ,knowledge and practice regarding evidence based nursing and to explore it＆#39;s demographic and professional influence factors .Method A Chinese version EBPQ was used to investigate clinical nurses at a large hospital in Beijing during the period March to May 2013 ,a total of 399 respondents completed and returned questionnaire .Result The total mean score for the questionnaire was 3 .97 .The Attitude subscale obtained the highest mean score （4 .42） ,followed by the practice subscale （3 .76） ,the Knowledge subscale obtained the lowest mean score （3 .72） .Statistically significant differences were found among nurses with different working time（0-2 yrs ,2-10 yrs ,10-20 yrs and ＆gt;20 yrs） in attitude （P=0 .01） ,knowledge（P=0 .02） and practice（P=0 .03）subscale .There was significant differences in attitude（P=0 .00） ,knowledge（P=0 .00）and practice（P=0 .00）according to working post （charge nurse/nurse） .The multivariate analysis showed that working post and working time was significant predictor of attitude ,knowledge and practice regarding evidence based nursing Conclusion Although clinical nurses appeared inclined to apply EBN in the clinical setting ,it is necessary to develop and enhance their EBN knowledge and practice .The study could provide essential information for drafting strategies to implement EBN in daily nurse practice.