厌氧消化过程氨抑制解除技术研究进展

Research progress in ammonia inhibiting and removing technologies in anaerobic digestion process

厌氧消化在处理有机废物的同时可产生大量的甲烷资源,是能源可持续发展的重要处理技术。作为微生物生长的营养物质之一,氨在厌氧消化过程中发挥重要作用,然而高浓度氨会抑制微生物活性,造成厌氧消化系统的失效。在总结国内外研究进展的基础上,讨论了氨抑制的形成机理及氨对产甲烷菌的抑制作用,并分别从氨浓度和微生物两个角度总结了当前解除氨抑制的技术和方法,为厌氧消化的工程应用和进一步氨抑制研究提供参考和建议。

Anaerobic digestion which can produce a great deal of methane has been considered as one of the signifi- cantly sustainable treatment technologies. Being one of the nutrient substances for the growth of microbes, ammonia plays an important role in the anaerobic digestion process. However, highly concentrated ammonia can inhibit the activity of microbes, causing the anaerobic digestion system lose effectiveness. Based on the summary on its research progress both in China and abroad ,the mechanism of ammonia inhibition ,and the effects of ammonia on the inhibition of methanogen are discussed. The present techniques and methods for the removal of inhibition are summarized ,from the angles of ammonia concentration and microbes, respectively. Also, it provides reference and advice for the engineering application of anaerobic digestion and further research on ammonia inhibition.