欧美三国的成功经验:男性结扎如何成为普遍的自愿选择

The Three European-American Countries' Success: How Could Vasectomy Become the Popular Voluntary Choice

在加拿大、英国和美国这三个国家,男性结扎被广泛接受是通过两百多年来两次避孕转型与两波性别平等运动相结合而实现的。第一阶段发生在18世纪末期至20世纪初期,第一次避孕转型与第一波性别平等运动相结合,男性避孕与男性气质的关系由相矛盾变为相融合,男性通过禁欲节欲等传统方式承担避孕责任。第二阶段为20世纪60年代至今,第二次避孕转型与第二次性别平等运动相结合,在政府很少干预避孕选择、相关团体提供高质量服务的前提下,许多男性自愿选择男性结扎来承担避孕责任,并成为男性气质的新特征。

It went through two phases for vasectomy to be widely accepted among men in Canada, United Kingdom and the United States over the past two hundred years in which there were two transitions in the use of contraceptives and two waves of gender equality movements. During the first phase in which the interaction between the first contraceptive transition and the first gender equality movement took place from the end of 18th to the begin- ning of 20th century, men＇s use of contraception and masculinities went from being in a contradictory relationship to that of integration. Men took con- traceptive responsibility by way of traditional means including sexual abstinence and continence. The second phase began in the 1960s and continues to date. During this period, the second contraceptive transition integrates with the second gender equality movement. Though the governments have not specifically intervened, the availability of high quality medical services enables men to voluntarily take contraceptive responsibilities by choosing vasec- tomy, and this has become a new characteristic of masculinities.