小基高比航天摄影测量技术及初步验证

The Preliminary Verification of Space Photogrammetry Technology with Small Base- height Ratio

随着空间光学对地观测分辨率的不断提高，它对航天立体探测模式产生了重要影响。采用常规大基高比探测模式，分辨率的提高导致了城市等地形起伏剧烈地区的数据获取难度增大及处理效率降低；同时对空间相机又提出了更高要求，体积和重量急剧增加，研制和精度保持难度极大。因此，小基高比摄影测量方法在航天方面的应用应运而生，以尽可能降低上述两种因素的影响。本文首先对小基高比摄影测量的基本原理进行了分析；其次对技术流程和方法途径展开研究；最后采用仿真图像和地面试验进行了原理验证，为后续技术发展和应用提供了基本参考。

With the increase of the resolution of space optical earth observation, it has an important impact on space stereo exploration mode. The improvement of resolution leads to lower efficiency of data acquisition and processing by using conventional high B/H detection mode in urban areas where height varies severely. Besides it poses high demand of space camera. It increases in volume and weight and has extremely difficulty in developing a new camera and maintaining the accuracy. So the small base - height ratio photogrammetry is applied in the aerospace field in order to minimize the impact of the above two factors. This paper analyzes the basic principles of small base - height ratio photogrammetry and studies the technical processes and methodological approaches. Finally the proof of principle is verified by ground tests and simulation images, which provides a basic reference for subsequent development and application of technology.