从哲学的视角审视管理的本质——对《再问管理学——“管理学在中国”质疑》的回应

A Study on the Essence of Management from the Perspective of Philosophy:In Response to“Questioning on the Management in China”

从系统论的视角,从管理的起源、管理的基本要素(主体)、组织结构(主体秩序)和管理过程(主体活动)等方面探讨了管理的本质,并指出管理是以组织为载体而存在于世的生命体的意志过程,通过适应和积极面世的实践活动以界定和实现自身;从管理活动的界定、管理价值的内在性和秩序性、组织道德层次等方面论证了管理的目的论价值;从管理的方法论、原则和管理艺术等方面论证了怎样管理。从而说明了管理是"真"、"善"、"美"的和谐统一。

The contents of three aspects, including that what management is, why to manage and how to manage, were analyzed in this paper through philosophical speculations. From the perspective of the system theory, the essence of management was demonstrated by explicating the origin of man- agement, the basic element of management （the subject）, organization structure （the order of sub- ject） and the process of management （the subject activities）. The conclusion drawn from above specu- lation was that management, organization as a carrier, was the progress of the will of life, which sur- vives in the world; and that management was defined and achieved its value through the practical ac- tivities of adaptation to the world and proactive practice towards the world. The argumentation of the value of Management Teleology was demonstrated via the definition of management activities, the in- ternality and the order of the management value, and the morality hierarchy of organization. The question of how to manage was demonstrated from the management methodology, the principles of management and the management art. Thereby, it was illustrated that management is a harmonious u- nity of ＂the true＂, ＂the good＂ and ＂the beautiful＂.