光学相干断层扫描在阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征中的应用

The application of optical coherence tomography in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

OSAHS 是各种原因引起睡眠过程中上气道出现部分或完全塌陷,导致上气道阻塞出现呼吸暂停的临床综合征,目前其确切的发病机制尚不清楚。光学相关断层扫描技术（optical coherence tomography,OCT）是一种非侵袭性的高分辨影像技术,它利用光的干涉现象得到生物组织的断层成像,能够清晰地呈现上气道的解剖结构,从而使人们了解气道阻塞的部位及严重程度,而且还可以在睡眠过程中实时地观察气道改变。此外,由于间断缺氧,OSAHS 患者视网膜会有不同程度的损伤,从而出现青光眼样的病变,OCT 可用于直接观察及测量患者视网膜神经纤维层厚度,从而使人们了解 OSAHS 患者的眼部病变。因此,OCT 有望成为一种用于研究 OSAHS 的新型技术。

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS ） is a syndrome which is characterized by recurrent partial or complete upper airway obstruction during sleep,however,its mechanism is not so well defined at present.Optical coherence tomography （OCT）is a noninvasive technique which have high-resolution and can get the cross-sectional images of biological tissue by using light interferometry.The imaging of anatomic structure of upper airway by OCT is clear,which can get the obstructive site and severity.OCT can also observe the change of airway during sleep in real time. Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness decreases in patients with OSAHS because of intermittent hypoxia, which lead to glaucoma.OCT is a noninvasive technique that allows direct visualization and measurement of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness.Therefore,OCT is expected to become a new technology for studying OSAHS.