长沙地区中华蜜蜂抗寒性研究

Research of Cold Resistance of Apis cerana cerana in Changsha Region

中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana是中国本土蜜蜂品种,低温对其安全越冬影响很大。对中华蜜蜂越冬前、中、后期强群与弱群的过冷却点与冰点,强、弱蜂群的脂肪含量与水分含量进行了测定,结果表明:无论是越冬前、越冬中还是越冬后,中华蜜蜂强群比弱群的过冷却点与冰点都低,游离脂肪含量和自由水含量也要低。11月份强、弱群过冷却点与冰点存在极显著差异,1月份强、弱群过冷却点存在极显著差异,3月份强、弱群过冷却点不存在显著性差异。

Apis cerana cerana is native bee species in China, and its safety overwintering is significantly affected by low temperature. The supercooling point, freezing point and contents of fat and moisture of strong and weak population of bees were determined before, during and after overwintering, and the results showed that：whether it was before, during and after overwintering, the supercooling point, freezing point and content of free fatty acid and water of bees from strong population were lower than those of bees from weak population. The differences in supercooling point and freezing point was very sig- nificant between strong and weak populations in Nev. , and the difference in supercooling point was very significant between strong and weak populations in Jan. , while there was no significant difference in supercooling point in March.