论体育领域歧视的法律规制

Legal Regulations on the Discrimination in Sport

体育领域的歧视包括种族歧视、性别歧视、残疾歧视、国籍歧视、年龄歧视和宗教歧视等。歧视对体育的影响主要体现在体育参与权、体育公共服务和体育就业3个方面。对体育领域歧视的法律规制包括国际法(如《体育领域反对种族隔离国际公约》)和国内法(如诸多国家较为完善的反歧视法律体系)2个层面。国际奥委会、国际足联等体育组织的内部规则也有反歧视条款,是规制体育领域歧视的有力武器。

There exist various discriminations in sport fields, including the discrimination of race, gender, disability, nationality, age and religion, etc. The effect on sports is shown in the following aspects, that is, the right to participate in sports, public sports services and sport employment. The legal regulations against sports discrimination involve the laws domestically and internationally. For the former, there is The International Convention against Apartheid in Sports; for the latter, many countries have perfect anti-discrimination legal system, which can be applied to the sport field. In addition, there are internal clauses of regulations against discrimination for sport organizations such as IOC and FIFA, which are powerful weapons against the discrimination.