惠州高温天气的气候特征与天气形势分析

Analysis of the Climatological Characteristics and Weather Patterns of High-Temperature Weather in Huizhou City

基于惠州市区1954—2009年逐日的气象观测资料,利用统计分析软件SPSS分析了惠州高温天气的气候特征,并分析了高温天气出现时的主要天气形势。结果表明:惠州高温天气出现频频繁,高温天气年平均出现日数为12.0 d,主要出现在夏季的7和8月,从长期变化趋势来看都呈上升趋势,气候倾向率为0.242 d/年,近10年与前46年相比增加了14.4 d。惠州出现高温天气时,北半球中高纬西风系统一般位置较为偏北,强度较弱,有利于低纬系统北推发展;副热带高压和热带气旋是造成高温天气的主要原因,尤其是在热带气旋影响下,容易出现极端异常高温天气。

Based on the daily observations of urban Huizhou from 1954 to 2009 and with the statistical software of SPSS, this paper studies the climatological characteristics of high-temperature （HT） weather. The results are shown as follows. The HT weather occurs frequently in the city, mostly in the summer months of July and August, with 12.0 annual mean days of HT weather. On the long-term trend of variation, its cli- matological tendency rate is 0. 242 d/year and increases by 14. 4 d in the past 10 years as compared with the 46 years prior to it. When the HT weather occurs in Huizhou, mid-and higher-latitude boreal westerly sys- tems are usually located more northward and weaker, being conducive to the northward progression and de- velopment of low-latitude systems. The subtropical high and tropical cyclones are the main causes for the HT weather, and it is likely for extreme HT weather to occur with the effect of tropical cyclones.