酒店实习生工作倦怠影响因素及对策分析

On the Influence Factors and Countermeasures of Interns' Job Born-out in Hotels

高校学生酒店实习后留职率低成为困扰酒店业和教育界的一大问题,实习期间工作倦怠是导致酒店实习生离职的一个重要原因。在大量研究的基础上,借鉴Maslash-GS量表,构建实习生工作倦怠的3个维度,通过对福州地区高星级酒店实习生的实证调研,得出影响高校实习生工作倦怠的因素由高到低分别为成就感低落、情感耗竭、人格解体3个方面,并提出相应的解决对策:从外构建制度环境,包括酒店需建立一系列预防和减少员工工作倦怠的制度,学校需建立相应的实习管理制度,酒店应建立管理者与学生的沟通与反馈机制;从内疏导心理问题,包括增加对酒店实习生的心理关怀,建立有效的情绪和压力宣泄机制。

The low retention rate of college students in hotels after internship becomes a serious problem to the hotel industry and educational circles,the main reason of which is the job born-out in their intern-ship.Based on the previous researches,by means of Maslash-GS,the authors designed a three-dimen-sion survey of students＇job born-out and conducted it to interns in the high-star level hotels in Fuzhou cit-y.The result shows that the three aspects of reduced personal sense of accomplishment,emotional ex-haustion and depersonalization are the main factors resulting in students＇job born-out from highest score to the lowest.Then,the authors proposes relevant countermeasures：externally,hotels should construct an institutional environment,including a series of measures to prevent and reduce interns＇born-out;col-leges should establish relevant interns management system;hotels should also build up a mechanism for communication and feedback between administrators and interns;psychologically,interns＇mental prob-lems could be guided and persuaded;more psychological concern should be given to interns to build up a mechanism for interns to release emotions and stress.