语言生态学视野下的瑶族女字和喃字

Study of Yao Nvshu and Chu Nom in view of Language Ecology

瑶族是否有自己创造的文字,宋代以来就有争论。从大量的文献资料记载和我们长期的田野调查表明,瑶族聚居区曾流传着似篆非篆、似汉非汉的圆印篆文,后分化成两种。其中的一种就是流传在湘南、桂北一带平地瑶中的菱形文字——蚂蚁文,后因社会进步、文化的发展,这种瑶族古文字只在妇女群体特别是女红活动中传承下来,演变为一种特殊的女性文字——女字。另一种就是流传在世界各地过山瑶中的喃字。这两种瑶族文字的创造、传承都离不开其独特的语言文化生态环境。

Since Song dynasty,there has been some controversy over the question of whether the Yao nationality does have its own creative characters. From a large number of documents and our long - term fieldwork show that Yao stronghold has been a circular imprint Zhuanwen which are almost Xiao Zhuan and almost Chinese characters, then polarized into two characters. One kind of diamond characters has been in southern Hunan and Northern Guangxi Pingdi. With the development of society and culture, this ancient Yao characters has become a kind of female characters - Nvshu that only goes down among women lives especially in sewing activities. The other Characters called＂ Chu Nom＂ in the Guoshan around the world . The creation and inheritance of these two Yao characters are eonneeted with a unique of language, culture and ecological environment.