陕甘回民战争和捻军起义中的传染病类型考辨

On the Types of the Infectious Diseases in Huis' War in Shangxi-Gansu Area and Nian Uprising

陕甘军队中常感染腹泻、皮肤病和瘴气等疾病,造成大量疾病减员,但对战争影响最大的传染病却是霍乱。捻军起义期间皖北地区流行病以咸丰七年和八年(1857年和1858年)最为严重,其病种很可能为霍乱;山东咸丰十一年(1861年)和同治五年至七年(1866年至1868年)的流行病都与捻军有关系,主要病种包括黄胆性肝炎、霍乱和痢疾等。与同时期的长江中下游战场相同,对西北回民战争和捻军起义军队和战区民众影响最大的疾病也是霍乱。

Diseases such as diarrhea, skin diseases, and miasma were commonly prevalent in soldiers of Shanxi-Gansu Area, and led to many casualties, of which influenced mostly was cholera. And, during the period of Nian Uprising, epidemic, which was probably cholera as well, was very serious in 1857 and 1858. Also, epidemics, including icterohepatitis, cholera, dysentery, ere in Shandong province during 1866 - 1868 were relevant to Nian Uprising. In a nut shell, cholera was the most highly affected disease in Huis＇ War in Shangxi-Gansu Area and Nian Uprising.