SOADDOF训练法对提高网球比赛预判力的作用

SOADDOF: A new prejudge training technique improves the decision making in tennis competition

在深入分析网球运动技战术特点的基础上,从运动员预判力的影响因素(搜寻、观察、分析、讨论、设计、操作和反馈等)方面制定出网球预判力专项训练法,检验了不同训练模式对提高预判力的效果.通过比较专项训练组和非专项训练组的训练效果,得出如下结论:1)训练可以提高预判能力,在正确率、漏失率、预判时间和稳定性这4个指标上的训练效果显著.2)所有训练方法都能提高运动员的预判能力,但不同训练方法在提高预判力的作用机制上有所不同.预判力专项训练是通过提高正确率,减少预判时间,降低错误率,同时减少漏失率实现预判力的提高.3)通过对男女运动员的比较,发现在预判的正确率、漏失率、稳定性上差异显著.结论:在有限的时间资源里,提高预判正确性,降低犯错的概率,减少预判反应时间,同时减少无法作出判断的次数,是训练与提高预判力的重要途径.SOADDOF训练法比非专项预判力训练对提高网球运动员预判力有更好的训练效果.

Rejudgment was athlete＇s situation analysis and judgment during the competition for making a cor- rect decision to win the point or competition in sports. Therefore, it was attempted to develop and test a new prejudgment training protocol named SOADDOF （ Search, Observe, Analyze, Discuss, Design, Operate and Feed back ）. The participants were forty five Chinese college students with physical education major. Two in-tact classes were used as the experimental group （ n = 31 ） and control group （ n = 14）. The prejudgment train- ing protocol was used in experimental group and traditional training was used in the control group. The results showed that both groups improved the correct decision making. However, the prejudgment training group had significant higher correct decision rate （ P 〈 0.05 ） than the traditional training group. The results also showed that the prejudgment group reduced both the error rate and missing rate to increase the correct decision rate. The traditional group only increased the correct decision rate by reducing the missing rate. The results indica- ted that the SOADDOF prejudgment training protocol was an effective training technique in the tennis training to improve the decision making to win the game and competitions.