贵州草海湿地浮游植物的群落结构及多样性分析

Analysis of Phytoplankton Community Structure and Diversity in Guizhou Caohai Plateau Wetland

根据2014年秋季对草海的资源调查,对该湖区浮游植物的种类组成、优势种及其分布和多样性等基本情况进行了分析。该次调查有浮游植物7门17目2亚目33科49属109种,绿藻门种类最多,共36种,占总数的33.03%;硅藻门次之,5目8科11属共33种,占总数的29.66%;蓝藻门3目5科12属24种,占22.02%;甲藻门1目1亚目2科2属6种,占5.50%;裸藻门为1目1科1属5种,占4.59%;隐藻门1目1科1属4种,占3.67%;金藻门1目1科1属1种,占0.92%。草海浮游植物平均数量和平均生物量分别为1.75×106个/L和3.85 mg/L。优势度分析显示,优势种为小环藻,优势度分别为0.027。与2005年相比,主要种类组成发生了一些变化,浮游植物群落结构以绿藻为主,硅藻次之。多样性和均匀度分析显示,草海浮游植物多样性和均匀度分别在1.76~3.25和0.26~0.48之间变化,表明草海现水体状况得到较大的改善。

The species composition, dominant species, and abundance of phytoplankton were investigated in Caohai wetland region in the au- tumn of 2014. The results showed that 109 species were identified, belonging to 7 phyla, 17 order, 2 suborder, 33 family with 49 genera, a- mong them, Chlorophyta was the predominant species, which had 36 species, accounted for 33.03% of the total species, Bacillariophyta were recorded 33 species, belonging to 5 order, 8 family, 11 genera, accounted for 29.66%. Cyanophyta were recorded 24 species, belonging to 3 order, 5 family, 12 genera, accounted for 22.02% ; Pyrrophyceae were recorded 6 species, belonging to 1 order, 1 suborder, 2 family, 2 genera, accounted for5.50% ; Euglenophyta were recorded 5 species, belonging to 1 order, 1 family, 1 genera, accounted for4.59% ; Cryp- tophyta were recorded 4 species, belonging to 1 order, 1 family, 1 genera, accounted for 3.67%; Chrysophyta were recorded 1 species, be- longing to 1 order, 1 family, 1 genera, accounted for 0.92%. The abundance and biomass of phytoplankton in Caohai plateau wetland ac- counted for 1.75 ×10^6 ind/L and 3.85 mg/L respectively. Dominance index analysis shows： The dominant species included Cyclotella sp, with dominance index 0. 027 ; Compared with 2005, the community pattern relating to Chlorephyta as the dominant group, followed by dia- toms, the diversity index and uniformity index ranged from 1.76 to 3.25 and 0.26 to 0.48, respectively. In conclusion, now, the pollution of Caohai wetland region is close to light pollution.