新兵积极心理品质在人格与抑郁症状间的中介作用

Mediating effects of positive mental characters on the relationship between personality and depression in recruits

目的 考察人格、积极心理品质和抑郁症状之间的关系,探讨积极心理品质在人格和抑郁症状之间的中介作用.方法 采用艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）、新兵积极心理品质评估问卷（PMCS-R）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）对部队的1 933名男性新兵进行问卷调查.结果 艾森克人格问卷的内外向得分为（55.26±10.59）分,精神质为（42.85±7.25）分,神经质为（42.35±11.67）分,积极心理品质总均分为（3.80±0.64）分,抑郁严重指数（0.45±0.11）分;新兵人格、积极心理品质和抑郁症状两两显著相关（P＜0.05）;内外向、精神质和神经质人格可以预测新兵抑郁症状,解释总变异的42.6％ （F=476.28,P＜0.05）;层次回归分析结果显示,积极心理品质在人格（内外向、精神质、神经质）和抑郁症状之间起部分中介作用（中介效应分别为0.22、0.19、0.11,P＜0.05）.结论 新兵的人格特征与抑郁症状有直接关系,并通过积极心理品质间接作用于抑郁症状.

Objective To explore the relationship between personality and depression,especially to investigate mediating effect of positive mental characters.Methods A sample of 1 933 male recruits was assessed with eysenck personality questionnaire （EPQ）,positive mental characters scale for recruits （PMCS-R） and self-rating depression scale （SDS）.Results The scores of introversion-extroversion,psychoticism,neuroticism,positive mental characters and depression were 55.26±10.59,42.85±7.25,42.35± 11.67,3.80±0.64,0.45±0.11,respectively.There were correlations among personality,positive mental characters and depression in recruits （P〈0.05）.Regression analysis indicated that introversion-extroversion,psychoticism and neuroticism predicted depression directly,and it could explain 42.6% of the total variance （F=476.28,P〈0.05）.Hierarchy regression analysis showed that positive mental characters mediate the relationship between personality （introversion-extroversion,psychoticism,neuroticism） and depression （the mediation effect was 0.22,0.19 and 0.11 respectively,P〈 0.05）.Conclusion Recruits＆#39; personality affects depression not only directly,but also indirectly through positive mental characters.