论边境地区的语言生活——芒海镇吕英村语言生活个案分析

Borderland Languages:A Case Study of the Language Situation in Lvying Village of Manghai

边境地区(指我国与其他国家接壤的地区)的语言生活具有内部关系和外部关系的双重性。内部关系指国内不同语言之间的关系;外部关系指的是与境外语言的关系。二者交织在一起,相互制约、互相影响,形成边境地区特殊的语言生活。本文以云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州中缅边境线上的吕英村语言为研究个案,分析该村稳定使用母语和多语兼用以及与境外语言和谐的语言使用状况,论述边境语言关系的特殊性,说明语言生活受国家实力、民族关系的制约,国强则语言强。并建议中国语言学家要重视研究边境语言生活,应当进一步完善民族语文政策中的边境语言问题。

Languages spoken in the borderlands between countries have both internal and external relationships. Here, the internal relationships refer to the relationships between the languages spoken within the border of the country in question. Likewise, external relationships refer to the relationships between different languages spoken across the border from the country in question. When the two are considered together, it can be seen that they dynamically influence each other creating a unique linguistic environment. This paper, using the village of LvYing （located in Yunnan Province＇ s Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Region） on the Chinese/Myanmar border as a ease study, explores the stability of mother tongue language use and hilingualism. This paper also analyses how language use relates to cross-ethnic interactions, discussing the unique features of borderlands languages, as well as explaining how language use is connected to political power and cross ethnic relations. It is found in this ease that a powerful country means a strong language situation. Finally, the paper recommends Chinese linguists to take seriously the research of languages spoken in borderlands, and to make efforts to address borderland language problems related to languages policy.