大学生创业社会资本的测量及其培育——以长三角地区普通本科高校为例

The Measurement and Cultivation of College Students' Entrepreneurial Social Capital——A Case Study of the Universities in Yangtze River Delta Region

结合大学生创业群体的特殊性,采用主观和客观综合测度法,综合选取结构和认知维度的指标来测量大学生创业社会资本水平。其中,客观维度的社会资本选取家庭背景、网络规模、网顶、网间密度这四个指标来全面衡量,主观维度的社会资本则包括信任、互惠、参与、共享、规范等方面指标。实证结果表明,各高校学生创业社会资本各项指标值差异与高校的性质有很大关系,网间密度和网络规模是客观性指标差异的关键。高校应通过树立科学的创业教育观念、完善创业教育课程体系和创业教育社会支撑体系来培育大学生创业的社会资本。

According to the particularity of entrepreneurial groups, the subjective and objective evaluation methods are adopted to measure the level of entrepreneurial social capital. We measure the objective social capital by the family background, network scale, top network number and network density; meanwhile, we measure the subjective social capital by trust, reciprocity, participation and sharing. The empirical results show that, the differences in the college students＂ entrepreneurial social capital index value have great contact with the nature of university, and the network scale and the network density are the key of the difference between them. The university should cultivate students＂ entrepreneurial social capital by establishing the scientific concept of entrepreneurship education, and improving the entrepreneurship education curriculum system and the social support system of entrepreneurship education.