住房公积金制度与住房福利分配的他国镜鉴

International Experience on the Housing Fund Institution and Distribution of Housing Benefits

发轫于新加坡的住房公积金制度是住房福利分配在新兴国家的一种创新。如何有效借鉴其经验并进行本土化改进是一大难题。立足于我国现代化住房长期短缺的基本事实,系统梳理了新加坡建立公积金制度的历史轨迹及最新进展,数量化和案例式地解读了其优势及问题,而后延伸至亚洲主要经济体乃至同阶段西方工业化各国,探讨其如何通过住房金融或者住房福利政策解决民众居住困难。我国现行公积金制度需要改进信息不对称和福利改善效应不显著的问题,管理的透明和规范程度亦需加强。这一政策的未来走向会与经济社会转型、社会福利制度建设和财税体制改革高度关联。

Housing provident fund system created by Singapore is a system of innovative housing welfare distribution in emerging countries. But, how to effectively learn from this policy and to improve the localization is not an easy project. Based on the facts that are shortages of modernized housing for a long period in China, the research systematically reviews the history and the latest development of Singapore＇s housing provident fund system by quantities method and case study. Furthermore, this paper extends the research on how to solve the housing problem through housing finance or housing welfare policies in similarity Asian economies, as well as the same stages of western industrialized countries. This paper found that China＇s current housing provident fund system needs to improve information asymmetry and solve the welfare improvement ineffective problem. And the degree of transparency and standardized management also needs to be strengthened. The future reform of this policy will be highly correlated to the transformation of economy and society, and the reform of social welfare and fiscal institution.