光伏产业产能过剩根源与对策找寻

The Root of Overcapacity of the Photovoltaic Industry and Its Countermeasure

行业性产能过剩问题是制约我国经济发展的痼疾,也是政府经济性规制强调的重点问题。然而,以市场失灵的传统思路提出的相关规制政策效果有限。实际上,正是政府规制失灵引发了市场失灵,从而导致了产能过剩,政府不当干预是我国行业性产能过剩的重要原因。以光伏产业为例进行分析,发现政府在经济性规制上"错位"、在社会性规制上"失位",导致行业发展不稳定、分配不公、信息不对称、外部性等问题,引发行业性产能过剩。建立产能过剩治理的长效机制,政府需要在社会性规制上"补位"、在经济性规制上适度"退位",将供求关系交由市场自我调节,减少政府干预。

Industrial overcapacity is a chronic malady which restricts China＇s economic development. It＇s also a key issue of economic regulation emphasized by the central government for years. However, the effect of regulation policy brought forward based on the traditional perspective of market failure is limited. Actually, government failure caused market failure and resulted in overcapacity. Government improper intervention is one of important causes of China＇s industrial overcapacity. Using case study, this thesis makes China＇s photovohaic industry as an example. The research results indicated that the confusion in economic regulation and the absence in social regulation of the government leaded to market failure including the unstable of industries development, misdistribution, information asymmetry, and externality, and caused industrial overcapacity finally. To establish long-term mechanism of overcapacity governance, the government has to fill the gap of social regulation and withdraw from economic regulation, gives back supply and demand relation to market regulation, and reduces government intervention.