儿童支气管哮喘影响因素分析

Analysis of the influencing factors in bronchial asthma in children

目的探讨1岁前抗生素使用与儿童支气管哮喘之间的关系。方法以2010年苏州地区≤14岁儿童哮喘流行病学调查为基础,从中选取3~14岁儿童7500例作为研究对象,将1岁前抗生素使用定义为二分类变量。结果采用卡方检验、Logistic回归进行分析,计算比值比（OR值）和95%置信区间（95%CI）。结果 1岁前抗生素使用与哮喘发病风险在对胎龄、出生体重、住房情况、家族过敏史等混杂因素进行调整后是有一定关系的（OR值为1.230,95%CI：1.026~1.474）,尤其在家族过敏史阴性的儿童中风险较大（OR值为1.313,95%CI：1.023~1.685）。且抗生素使用次数的增多与哮喘患病风险的增加密切相关,≥3次风险最大（OR值为2.468,95%CI：1.593~3.824）。结论 1岁前抗生素使用是儿童支气管哮喘患病的一个风险因素,且该风险随着抗生素使用次数的增多而增大。

asthma. Methods This study was based on tne epidemiological investigation of asthms among children aged0~14 years in Soochow,from whom we selected 7500 children aged at 3~14 years. Antibiotic exposure was determined for the first year of life. The data was analyzed by using chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis,calculating OR and 95%CI. Results Antibiotic exposure in the first year of life was associated with a significant but small risk of development of asthma in childhood after adjusting for gestational age,birth weight,house condition,parental allergy and so on（OR＊1.230,95% CI：1.026,1.474）;the risk increased especially in parents without allergy（OR＊1.313,95% CI：1.023,1.685）. As the number of courses of antibiotics increased,this was associated with increased asthma risk,with the highest risk being in children who received 3 courses and more（OR＊2.468,95%CI：1.593,3.824）. Conclusion The use of antibiotics in the first year of life is associated with a small risk of developing asthma,and this risk increases with the number of courses of antibiotics.