扶贫移民适应期生计风险、扶持资源承接与政策优化

Livelihood Risks,Support Resources Undertake and Policy Optimization in Poverty Alleviation Resettlement Adaptation Period

扶贫移民兼具扶贫和生态保护功能,有效破解区域生态可持续和社会经济发展矛盾的同时也会出现目标的"反功能"现象。基于适应期扶贫移民生计特征归纳,寻求可能遇到的丧失发展资源、失去公共服务、社会关系网络受损、边缘化等生计损失及致贫风险,针对扶贫移民适应期生计发展扶持政策实施过程中存在的"政策对接有落差、政策衔接有缝隙、政策承接有障碍"等资源承接问题,尝试提出提高移民发展可行能力、注重产业发展、整合发展扶持政策与资源、强化移民专业经济组织建设、健全农村要素市场、促进发展要素整合联动等建议,以促进扶贫移民安稳致富奔小康。

Poverty alleviation resettlement is functional in both poverty alleviation and ecological protection. Yet the phenomenon of anti-function of the target might occur to the process of breaking up the contradiction between regional ecological sustainability and economic development.Based on characteristics of poverty alleviation resettlement induction, this article explores the poverty risk and loss of livelihoods such as losing resources of development, losing public services, the harm to social network and marginalization.In the course of policy implementation,problems like gaps and barriers in match of policies and mismatch could possibly be addressed by improving the migration development capability, emphasizing industrial development, integrating policies and resources, strengthening the construction of rural economic organization, improving elements market and facilitating the integration of developmental elements so as to achieve poverty alleviation and build a well-off society.