听说课不同偏误类型纠误方式比较研究

A Comparative Analysis on the Manners of Error-Corrections towards Different Types of Errors in the Listening and Speaking Class of TCSL

对外汉语听说课堂话语实录语料库语料显示:留学生听说偏误分为语音、词汇、语法、语用四类。对初、中、高三级听说课教师纠误情况进行统计分析发现:(1)教师对不同语言水平留学生的纠误主要集中在语法和词汇偏误上。(2)教师对留学生语用偏误的纠误率与学生语言水平的提高成正比,而语音偏误则成反比。(3)教师对语音偏误的纠误手段较为单一,多使用重述手段;对语法偏误的纠误虽仍以重述为主,但方式趋于多样化;对词汇偏误的纠误多使用重述和重复手段;对语用偏误的纠误多使用重述手段和明确纠正手段。本文探讨了教师对不同偏误类型纠误的共性与差异的原因,并提出了教学中教师纠误方式的若干建议。

The listening and speaking class is divided into four categories：voice,vocabulary, grammar,and pragmaties. In examining the lower,middle,and high level classes,the teacher correction statistical analysis shows that： （1）teachers whose students＇language levels dif- fered,corrections were made mainly for errors in grammar and vocabulary. （2）The correc- tion rate for pragmatic errors is proportional to the improvement of the students＇ language level and voice errors are inversely proportional. （3）Concerning corrections of voice errors, teachers should often restate the meanings. Concerning correcting grammar errors still restate the main meaning but increasingly diversify the method. Concerning vocabulary errors,teach- ers should often restate and repeat the meaning. Concerning correcting errors of the students＇ practical use of the language,teachers should often restate the meaning,and clearly explain correctly the meaning. This article also discusses the similarities and differences be- tween the different types of errors and the teachers approach for correcting these mistakes. This article also provides a number of recommendations concerning correction methods when teaching Chinese as a second language.