高海拔地区不同民族脑梗死病因及危险因素分析

Etiology and risk Factors analysis of cerebral infarction by different nationality in high altitude locality

目的探讨高海拔地区不同民族脑梗死的病因及危险因素。方法收集并分析四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州人民医院神经内科2012年3月-2014年3月所有诊断为脑梗死的患者资料,对藏族和汉族患者的危险因素及TOAST分型进行比较。结果藏族组的高脂血症、肥胖、嗜酒所占比例显著高于汉族组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。汉族组的继发性红细胞增多症所占比例显著高于藏族组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两民族均以大动脉粥样硬化型及小动脉闭塞型为主,藏族组的大动脉粥样硬化所占比例显著高于汉族组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。藏族组的未确定病因所占比例显著低于汉族组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论阿坝地区藏族和汉族脑梗死的发病原因及危险因素有着明显不同。

Objective To explore the causes and risk factors of cerebral infarction by different nationality in high alti-tude locality. Methods Clinical data of patients diagnosed as cerebral infarction from March 2012 to March 2014 in neurology department of people’s hospital of Aba Tibetan ＆ Qiang autonomous prefecture in Sichuan province were collected and analyzed.The risk factors and TOAST type in patients with Tibetan and Han nationality was comparatively compared. Results The proportion of hyperlipidaemia,obesity and alcoholomania in patients with Tibetan nationality was higher than that in patients with Han nationality,with significant difference（P〈0.05）.The proportion of secondary erythro-cytosis in patients with Han nationality was higher than that in patients with Tibetan nationality,with significant differ-ence（P〈0.05）.Large-artery atherosclerosis and small-artery occlusion were principal manifestations in two nationalities. The proportion of large-artery atherosclerosis in Tibetan patients was higher than that in Han nationality,with signifi-cant difference （P〈0.05）.The proportion of undetermined causes in Tibetan nationality was lower than that in Han na-tionality,with significant difference（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Etiology and risk factors of cerebral infarction in patients with Tibetan nationality in Aba locality greatly differs from that in Han nationality.