自我效能在护生积极心理品质与总体幸福感间的中介效应

Self-efficacy as a mediator between positive psychological qualities and general well-being in nursing students

目的探讨护生积极心理品质与总体幸福感之间的关系,以及自我效能感在二者之间中介作用。方法采用自编一般情况调查表、中国大学生积极心理品质量表、一般自我效能感量表以及总体幸福感量表对745位在校护生进行问卷调查。统计学处理采用描述性统计分析、单样本t检验以及中介效应检验程序。结果护生认知、公正维度得分低于全国大学生常模(P<0.05),情感维度得分高于大学生常模(P<0.01)。一般自我效能感得分为2.40±0.47,总体幸福感得分为77.30±11.59。男生总体幸福感得分显著高于女生(P<0.01)。除公正维度外,护生积极心理品质与总体幸福感显著相关(P<0.05)。自我效能在认知与总体幸福感之间(中介效应=0.055,效应比=0.436)、在情感与总体幸福感之间(中介效应=0.022,效应比=0.699)、在人际与总体幸福感之间(中介效应=0.031,效应比=0.272)均起部分中介作用;在节制与总体幸福感之间(效应比=0.547)、在超越与总体幸福感之间(效应比=0.232)也起部分中介作用。其间接效应分别可以解释自变量方差的1.55%和5.42%。结论护生积极心理品质的人际、超越、情感、节制、认知方面与总体幸福感存在显著相关关系,且自我效能在二者间起到部分中介作用。

Objective To investigate the correlation between positive psychological qualities and general well-being in nursing students, and test the mediating effect of self-efficacy. Methods Totally 745 nursing students were investigated by the Positive Psychological Qualities Questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Scale and General Well-Being Schedule. Statistical analy- sis including descriptive statistical analysis, one group t-test and mediating effects test procedures were made. Results The scores of nursing students in cognition and justice were significantly lower than those of national norm （P 〈 0.05 ）, and score in emotion was significantly higher than that of national norm（ P 〈 0.01 ）. The scores of self-efficacy and general well-being were 2.40 ± 0.47 and 77.30±11.59. The scores of boys in general well-being was significantly higher than that of girls （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Except for justice, positive psychological qualities had a significant relationship with general well-being. Self-efficacy partially mediates between cognition, emotion, interpersonal relations and general well-being, with the mediation effects being 0. 055,0. 022,0.031, and accounting for 43.6%, 69.9 %, 27.2 % of total effect respectively. Self-efficacy partially mediates between control, surpass and general well-being, accounting for 54.7% , 23.2% of total effect respectively, and their indirect effect accounts for 1.55% and 5.42% of the variance of the independent variable respectively. Conclusion There exist a correlation between positive psychological qualities and general well-being in nursing students, and self-efficacy has partially mediating effect between them.