用图像提取近岸堆积冰特征参数的方法研究

Study on the Extraction Methods for Coastal Pile-up Ice Characteristics Parameters from Photos

为获取渤海近岸堆积冰特征参数,发展了集数码照相拍摄、GPS定位和全站仪测高为一体的确定近岸堆积冰特征参数调查技术.通过现场堆积冰外边缘线踏勘,堆积冰外边缘断面的等距离正面摄影和全站仪冰面起伏高程测量,获得堆积冰宽度、堆积冰边缘断面高度、堆积冰表面高度和起伏角度等几何特征参数.综合分析发现:堆积冰的最大外边缘线不超过0m等水深线;辽东湾堆积冰高度一般小于2m,最大2.8m;堆积断面起伏的平均切角22°;高潮位时沿岸堆积冰丘表面平缓,低潮位时相同冰丘表面陡峭.

In order to obtain the representative values of piled ice along the coastal of Bohai Sea, the modern techniquesof CCD, digital cameras and GPS are used to obtain the piled-up ice characteristics parameters, From the exploration along piled ice edge with GPS, and photos on the vertical section in front of the piled ice edge and the roughness of the piled-up ice surface, the parameters of piled-.up ice width, height and slope angles of pile ice sections are obtained. The new findings are： the positions of the piled ice edge along coastal does not occur below the 0 m water isoclines; piled ice height usually is less than 2 m, the maximum is 2.8 m; the average slope angle of the piled ice in the vertical section is 22 ° ; the surface roughness of ice hummock is smooth at higher tidal and slope at lower tidal.