基于教材分析中医临床各科证素分布特点

Analysis of Distribution Characteristics of Syndrome Elements in All TCM Clinical Departments Based on Textbooks

目的:基于权威的中医临床各科教材,总结中医临床各科疾病的"证素"分布特点,为开展证素辨识模型训练研究筛选证素。方法:选择《中医内科学》、《中医妇科学》及《中医儿科学》中的病证记录,经证型术语规范化及证素拆解后,进行频数统计及对比分析。结果:共纳入751条病证案例,涉及52个证素。对比中医临床各科疾病的证素分布,内科疾病以证素脾、大肠、痰为特色;妇科疾病以证素胞宫、肝、气滞、血瘀为特色;儿科疾病以证素肺、肌肤、动风、外风为特色。综合中医临床各科疾病,常见证素为热、气虚、脾、胞宫、肝等。结论:根据普遍性与代表性相结合的原则汇总临床各科数据,脾、胞宫、肝等10个病位证素和热、气虚、阴虚、动风、外风等12个病性证素可作为开展证素辨识模型训练研究的首选证素。

Objective ：On basis of textbooks of all subjects of Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）,to summa- rize the distribution characteristics of syndrome elements of diseases in all clinical departments of TCM,so as to screen out the syndrome elements for the research in training of syndrome elements differentiation models. Methods：Disease and syndrome records were selected from textbooks of ＂Internal Medicine of TCM＂, ＂Gynecology of TCM＂ and ＂Pediatrics of TCM＂. After the standardization of syndrome terms and dismantling of syndrome elements,the frequency statistics and comparative analysis were carried out. Re- suhs：751 cases of diseases and syndromes which involved 52 syndrome elements were included. By com- parison of the distribution of syndrome elements of diseases in all TCM clinical departments,it can seen that internal diseases were characterized by spleen,large intestine and phlegm,gynecological diseases were characterized by uterus,liver,qi stagnation and blood stasis,padiatric diseases were characterized by lung, skin,moving wind and external wind. By integrating all clinical diseases in TCM,it was found that common syndrome elements were heat, qi deficiency, spleen,uterus,liver, etc. Conclusion ： Accoditing to the clinical da- ta of all clinical departments gathered by principles of universality and representativeness ,ten syndrome ele- ments of disease location such as spleen,uterus,liver and twelve syndrome elements of disease property such as heat,qi deficiency,yin deficiency,moving wind and external wind can be selected as the first choice for the research in training of syndrome elements differentiation models.