气吸式花生精量穴播器取种性能的试验研究

Experimental study on suction seed performance of the air-suction peanut precision dibbler

针对设计的气吸式花生精量穴播器,在自行搭建的性能试验台上,采用两因素三水平全因子试验方法,在不同吸种孔线速度、吸种负压的条件下对其取种性能进行试验,分析各因素对穴播器取种性能的影响规律,以期获得最佳的工作参数组合。结果表明:吸种孔线速度对其取种性能影响较为显著,低速时穴播器排种盘转动较慢,吸种时间相对较长,吸种合格率有所提高;随着吸种负压提高,种子易被吸种孔吸附,空穴率降低,但重播指数相应提高。在满足机具作业技术要求的条件下,当吸种孔线速度为0.33m·s-1、吸种负压为4.65kPa时,设计的穴播器取种性能达到最优,此时合格指数为96.0%、空穴指数为0.67%、重播指数为3.33%,较好地满足了花生精量播种的技术要求。

To further investigate the sowing effect of air-suction peanut precision dibbler, suction seed performance test of the dibbler was conducted. Under different suction seed pore velocity and suction seed negative pressure conditions, suction seed performance test of the dibbler was done on the test bench with multi-factor orthogonal analysis method, and the impact of the factors on suction seed performance was analyzed, then the best combination of operating parameters has been obtained. The test results showed that： Suction seed pore velocity had a more significant impact on suction seed per- formance, when suction seed pore velocity was low, the suction seed quality rate increased due to slower seed-metering plate rotating and longer suction seed time; With the increase suction seeds negative pressure of the dibbler, the seed was easily sucked and no seed rate reduced, but the multiples index increased. The optimized factor combination for the dibb- ler operation was that the suction seed pore velocity was 0.33 m · s-1 , and the suction seed negative pressure was 4.65 kPa. Under such working conditions, the quality index was 96.0%, the no seed index was only 0. 670%, and the multi- ples index was 3. 330%, suction seed quality can meet the technical requirements of the peanut precision sowing.