公共池塘资源自主治理理论的借鉴与验证——以中国森林治理研究与实践为视角

Reference and Verification on the Theory of Common-pool Resources Self-Governance——From Perspective of Research and Practice of Forest Management in China

立足于中国森林治理的现实状况,对公共池塘资源自主治理学派的主要理论进行梳理,着重介绍埃莉诺·奥斯特罗姆的社会—生态系统(Social Ecological-System,SESs)研究方法,提出公共池塘自主治理理论和由此拓展的森林研究网络体系,对中国森林治理研究和实践具有重要的借鉴意义。中国森林治理应力图超越市场和政府的缺陷,正确处理政府与社会的关系,在推动森林产权改革、充分认识森林资源所处的文化和社会特殊性的基础上强化、细化和有效化森林治理的机制和途径。与此同时,基于中国森林治理的经验,对于公共池塘资源自主治理理论进行验证,可以显示中国森林治理实践的理论价值。

This paper seeks to apply the framework of Common-Pool Resources （CPRs）to the reform of forest management in China.The paper first explains Social Ecological-system （SES）to show the value of CPRs theories and based on which the forests research network developed by Elinor Ostrom and other scholars.Based on the diversity of forest resources and the distinctiveness of social and cultural environment in China,we will argue that to improve the management of forest resources in China,we should overcome the flaws of free market mechanism and the rigidity of traditional gov-ernment regulation,push forward the reform on the ownership of forests and make the mechanism and tools employed to manage forests more strengthened,specialized and effective.Meanwhile,this paper uses China＇s forest management experience to test Common-Pool Resource framework and con-tributes to the theory development.This demonstrates the theoretical value of China case.