医务人员职业暴露因素调查与预防措施

Research on occupational exposure in medical staff and preventive measures

目的研究医务人员职业暴露状况及危险因素,探讨防范对策。方法通过现场观察和调查问卷方式,对某医院部分医务人员职业暴露情况及危险因素进行调查与分析。结果该医院医务人员职业暴露发生率最高者是护士,占总调查人数的69.44%,其次是医生,占30.56%。职业暴露危险因素和发生环节主要在动静脉穿刺、手术和拔针操作过程中,分别占38.89%、25.00%和16.66%。有61.27%的暴露者具有明确的血源性传播疾病的因素,但未发现职业暴露感染者。有66.66%的职业暴露者知道正确的处理流程,但未能执行正确的操作。结论医务人员发生职业暴露的主要因素是不能严格执行规范的操作方法,因此首要措施是严格规范行为,不断增强执行规范操作的自觉性。

Objective To investigate the condition and risk factors of occupational exposure status in medical staff,and a- nalysis the causes and preventive measures. Methods Particular circumstances and risk factors were investigated and ana- lyzed according to field observation and questionnaire. Results The highest incidences rate of occupational exposure was 69.44% ,which was for nurses, the next was 30.56%, for doctors. The occupational exposure occurred in artery -vena puncture,operative procedure and pulling the needles,which were 38. 89% ,25. 00% and 16. 66% ,respectively. 61.27% of the cases were definite blood transmission diseases. But none of the investigated cases had been infected with blood derived transmitted disease caused by occupational exposure. More than 66. 66% of the occupational exposures learn the correct op- erating processes,however,the operating processes were not carried out strictly. Conclusion The main factor of occupa- tional exposure in medical staff is the standard operating procedures are not strictly enforced. So regulating medical behavior strictly and enhancing the consciousness of standard operations are the most important measurement.