汕头市住院疾病构成研究

Research on hospital disease constitution in Shantou

目的：构建汕头市住院疾病构成图，为制定科学的防治措施提供数据支持。方法按ICD-10系统和类目2个层次进行统计分析。结果汕头市前10位系统疾病（构成）是：妊娠分娩和产褥期（18．03％）、呼吸系统疾病（11．89％）、消化系统疾病（11．78％）、损伤和中毒（9．81％）、循环系统疾病（9．17％）、肿瘤（8．06％）、影响健康状态和与保健机构接触的因素（6．71％）、泌尿生殖系统疾病（4．89％）、传染病和寄生虫病（3．47％）、内分泌、营养和代谢疾病（2．77％）；前10位疾病构成比为86．58％，导致的住院费用占住院总费用的87．26％；慢性病是不同级别医院住院收治的主要病种。结论妊娠分娩和产褥期排第1位，说明关注母婴安全是社会共识。手足口病是影响儿童健康的主要传染病；慢性疾病已经成为影响汕头市居民健康和增加医疗负担的首要因素。应加强看护人员传染病防治意识；倡导健康饮食习惯和生活方式，利用区域性公立医联体格局进行慢性病防治。

Objective To build the hospital disease graph and to provide data for making scientific preventive measures. Methods The data were statistically analyzed with the use of the ICD-10 systems and category.Results The top 10 system diseases in Shantou were pregnancy childbirth and puerperium （18.03%）, respiratory system disease （11.89%）, digestive system dis-ease（11.78%）, trauma and toxicosis （9.81%）, circulation system diseases （9.17%）, tumor（8.06%）, factors influencing health status and contact with health services （6.71%）, urogenital diseases （4.89%）, infectious diseases and parasitic diseases （3.47%）, endocrine nutritional and metabolic disease（ 2.77%）.The proportion of the top 10 diseases was 86.58%, with the hospitalization expenses accounting for 87.26%of the total.Chronic diseases have become the main diseases which have been re-ceived in different grades of hospitals.Conclusion The truth of pregnancy childbirth and puerperium ranked first explains that the whole society focuses on the safety of mother and infants.Hand-foot-and-mouth disease was the main infectious disease for chil-dren.Chronic diseases have already been the principal element in influencing the health and increasing the medical burden.There-fore, the caregivers should take more notice in the prevention and cure of communicable diseases and the healthy diet habit and life style should be proposed.Regional public medical unit can be used to prevent and cure chronic diseases.