以问题为导向的教学法在医学生消毒隔离知识培训中的应用

Effect of problem-based learning method on training of knowledge about disinfection and isolation among medical undergraduates

目的探讨以问题为导向的(problem-based learning,PBL)教学法对医学本科教学在消毒隔离知识培训中应用的效果,加强学生对医院感染消毒隔离知识认知,减少职业暴露发生。方法对2009级和2010级临床医学专业本科生40名学生,分别采用PBL教学法和传统教学法,培训结束后采用调查问卷表和临床技能综合考试成绩评价教学效果。结果 PBL教学组和传统教学组各20名学生的调查问卷表总分,分别为(126.25±18.16)分和(115.76±15.01)分,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);PBL教学组技能操作中手卫生、无菌技术、穿脱手术衣、针刺伤处理的考试成绩均高于传统教学组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),理论知识考试PBL教学组平均考试成绩略高于传统教学组,差异无统计学意义;PBL教学组的总分明显高于传统教学组。结论 PBL教学法能显著改善教学环境、提高教学效果。

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of the problem‐based learning （PBL ） method on the training of knowledge about disinfection and isolation among the medical undergraduates and strengthen the students awareness of the knowledge about the disinfection and isolation of nosocomial infections so as to reduce the incidence of occupational exposure .METHODS A total of 40 undergraduates majoring clinical medicine science of class 2009 and class 2010 were enrolled in the study ,then the PBL teaching method and the traditional teaching method were respectively adopted ,and the questionnaire survey and the clinical skills examination were conducted to evaluate the teaching effects .RESULTS The total score of the questionnaires of the PBL group with 20 students was （126 .25 ± 18 .16） points ,significantly higher than （115 .76 ± 15 .01）points of the traditional teaching group with 20 students ,and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0 .01） .The examination scores of the clinical skills ,including the hand hygiene ,aseptic operation ,wearing surgical gowns ,and treatment of needle injuries , were significantly higher in the PBL group than in the traditional teaching method , and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0 .05） .The average score of theoretical knowledge examination of the PBL group was slightly higher than that of the traditional teaching group ,and the difference was not statistically significant ;the total score of the PBL group was significantly higher than that of the traditional teaching group .CONCLUSION The PBL teaching method can significantly improve the teaching environment and raise the teaching effect .