2008-2013年钦州市钦南区手足口病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in Qinnan District of Qinzhou City during 2008-2013

目的:了解钦州市钦南区手足口病的流行特征,为制定科学合理的防控措施提供依据。方法:通过国家疫情监测网收集2008-2013年手足口病疫情信息,采用描述流行病学方法,对所得资料进行流行病学统计分析。结果:钦州市钦南区2008-2013年手足口病病例8 066例,年平均发病率为227.37/l0万,死亡1例,平均病死率为0.01%,流行呈自然消长的趋势;发病最小年龄30天,最大年龄48岁,男性高于女性,男女比例1.74∶1,4岁以下儿童占85.20%,散居儿童占89.31%;四季均发病,呈双峰流行;城区发病率高于沿海乡镇,沿海乡镇高于内陆乡镇;病原学呈混合流行的状态,但以EV71为流行优势株。结论:钦州市钦南区手足口病的预防控制重点放在夏秋季和4岁以下儿童。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand--foot--mouth（HFMD） disease in Qinnan District of Qinzhou City, so as to provide scientific and reasonable strategies for prevention and control. Methods The HFMD data were collected from the National Monitoring Network during 2008--2013,and the descriptive epidemiological method was used in data analysis. Results 8 066 cases of HFMD from 2008 to 2013 were collected. The average incidence was 227.37 per 10000. One case died. The average mortality rate was 0.01 %. The epidemiological trend was decreasing. The minimum age of HFMD was 30 days,the maximum 48 years old. The number of boys was higher than the girls, male/female ratio being 1.74：1. The children under the age of 4 accounted for 85.20%, scattered children being 89.31 %. The disease might develop in each season and the epidemiological trend showed bimodal epidemiological characteristics. Incidence of HFMD ranked highest in villages and towns, followed by the coastal city and the inland towns. The etiological character was mixed prevalence with EVT1 as the main strains. Conclusions The work of prevention and control of HFMD should be strengthened especially in summer and fall among the children younger than 4 years old.