嘉兴市农贸市场禽类接触人群H7N9禽流感知信行调查

KAP survey of H7N9 avian influenza among poultry contacting populations in wet markets of Jiaxing city

目的：评估嘉兴市农贸市场禽类职业暴露接触人群与顾客对H7N9禽流感知信行及健康教育需求。方法：自行设计调查问卷,采用拦截式问卷调查方法对嘉兴市南湖（经开）区、秀洲区和桐乡市的20个农贸市场的99名禽类接触工作人员和209位顾客进行问卷调查。结果：调查对象对预防呼吸道传染病措施和H7N9传播途径的知晓率较高为73.2%和66.1%;预防措施与传播途径等知晓率随年龄增高而下降,其中40-50岁年龄组最低,随文化程度增高而提高;获得（希望获得）相关知识来源最高为电视（80.5%）、报纸（51.3%）和广播（49.7%）,较低为手机短信（16.9%）、家人（15.3%）、朋友和同事（9.4%）,除电视、家人、朋友和同事外,各类获取途径的选择率都随着学历的增长而增长（P〈0.05）。结论：农贸市场禽类职业暴露接触人群与顾客对H7N9禽流感知信行水平及相关知识获得渠道在年龄、文化程度上都存在着差异,加强对电视、广播等其易接受的健康教育。

Objective To evaluate the health knowledge of H7N9 avian influenza and health education needs among poultry contacting populations and customers in wet markets of Jiaxing city. Methods A self--designed questionnaire was used and was implemented using the intercept survey method in the South Lake district, Xiuzhou district and Tongxiang county. 99 poultry contacting staff in wet markets and 209 customers were surveyed. Results The survey subjects＇ awareness rates of infectious disease preventive measures and the transmission routes of H7N9 were 73.2 % and 66.1% ,respectively. The awareness rates of preventive measures and transmitted route of H7N9 avian influenza declined with the increase in age, with 40--50 age group being the lowest, yet they were increased with the increase in educational level. Routes of getting（hope to get） related knowledge were television （80.5 % ）, newspaper （51.3 % ） and radio （49.7 % ）, which were relatively higher than mobile phone message （ 16.9 % ）, family members （ 15.3 % ）, friends and colleagues （9.4 %）. Knowledge access rate increased with the academic growth （P〈0.05）, except for television, family members,friends and colleagues. Conclusions The HTN9 avian influenza knowledge and access channels of the poultry contacting populations and customers in wet markets are different in age and educational level. It is necessary to strength health education via TV and radio,which can be easily accepted.