聚氯乙烯纤维中邻苯二甲酸酯增塑剂的迁移规律(一)

Research on migration laws of phthalate plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride materials (Ⅰ)

纺织品及玩具中使用最广的邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)类增塑剂会影响生物体内激素的正常分泌,有致畸、致癌、致突变作用。针对PAEs类增塑剂迁移规律的检测问题,采用萃取法和顶空法,检测了聚氯乙烯长丝中6种PAEs类增塑剂在有机溶剂、空气及模拟人体体液(如酸汗、碱汗和唾液)中的迁移情况,研究发现:以正己烷作为迁移介质,中浓度聚氯乙烯长丝中的PAEs类增塑剂迁移能力较低;随着温度的升高,PAEs类增塑剂更容易挥发至空气中,6 h内的挥发量在第3小时或第4小时达到峰值;PAEs类增塑剂在与人体体液接触时,总体迁移效率随其比表面积的增大和浓度的升高而不断升高,在唾液中的析出能力更大。

The phthalate acid esters were most widely used as plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride materials,but some phthalate plasticizers could affect the body hormone secretion and produce teratogenetic,carcinogenic,and mutagenic effects. Therefore,it became more and more important to study the migration laws of the phthalate acid esters. Detecting the migration of 6 plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride filament in oil or simulated body fluid（ acid sweat,alkaline sweat and saliva）,as well as the volatile situation in air by extraction or headspace methods were focused on,and found that some phthalic acid esters with small molecular structures move easily,and phthalic acid esters with middle concentrations had lower migration ability in n-hexane,the transfer medium. The phthalic acid esters volatilize more easily into the air with increasing temperature; and the volatilization peaks at the third hour or the fourth hour. When the phthalic acid esters contacted with body fluid,their transfer efficiencies speeded up with the increase of the specific surface area and concentration. In addition,precipitation ability was greater in the saliva.