油菜蜂花粉黄酮体外降糖活性研究

Study on hypoglycemic activities of flavonoids of Brassica napus L. bee pollen in vitro

以总黄酮含量为考察指标,利用溶剂萃取和大孔树脂对油菜蜂花粉乙醇提取物进行分离纯化,富集黄酮,然后对不同极性组分进行抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶实验,并利用红外光谱(IR)和液-质联用(LC-MS)对体外降糖活性最高的组分进行化学成分分析。结果表明,黄酮类物质在抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性中起主要作用;AB-8大孔树脂纯化得到的PEFS-3组分总黄酮含量为68.77%,IC50为72.16μg/m L,远小于阿卡波糖的IC50(1124.86μg/m L),表明其抑制效果强于阿卡波糖;PEFS-3组分中共鉴定出5种主要物质,其中4种为槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、山奈酚-3,4’-双-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、山奈酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷,第5种推断为亥茅酚苷或黄烷醇,具体结果还需进一步研究。

The crude alcoholic extract of Brassica napus L. bee pollen was treated by solvent extraction and macroporous resin,and α-glucosidase inhibition test on the depurated flavonoids in vitro was carried out. The components which had the strongest inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase were analyzed by IR and LC-MS. Results showed that the flavonoids played a vital role in inhibiting α-glycosidase enzymes. The purity of PEFS- 3 which was made by AB-8 macroporous resin was 68.77%,and its IC50 was 72.16μg/mL,far less than the IC50 of acarbose（1124.86μg/mL）. Based on IR and LC-MS,five main components were identified in PEFS-3,and four kinds among them were flavonoid aglycones;Quercetin-3-O-β-D-pyranoid glucose base-（1→2）-β-D- pyranoid glycosidase, Kaempferol-3,4＇ - double-O-β- D- pyranoid glycosidase, Isohtamnetin-3-O- β- D- pyranoid glucose base-（1→2）-β-D-pyranoid glycosidase,Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-pyranoid glucose base- （1→2）-β-D-pyranoid glycosidase,and the fifth one was inferred to be sec-O-glucosylhamaudol or flavanol, its specific structure still need further confirmation.