沟通天地 融合东西:论现代科学和国学的融通

On the Assimilation of Modern Science and Chinese Philosophy

仰望星空的科学理性和"近取诸身,远取万物"效法自然之道是欧洲文明和中华文明认识宇宙的两条核心思路。随着人类在20世纪对理性主义反思的深入,复杂性科学观点使这两条思路相互靠近,相互补充。信息流取代物质和机械成为新世界观的焦点。2500年以前易经的预言"天下同归而殊途,一致而为虑"正在逐渐成为当下的事实。两条思路汇合在对人是有意识的物质这一基本点上。依靠人的思维,在宇宙中这个温馨一隅的天-地-人系统中,生生不息循环流转的信息流使它成为开放的不断保持不平衡态的复杂系统。这正是"人者天地之心也"的体现。"人的本性是自由"本来只是理性主义预设的前提,但是从复杂性观点出发,它是这个系统的所有参与者之间必定具备的试错余地,否则系统的生命无法维持。

The scientific rationality of exploring the nature principle and the way of mimic nature objects are the core ideas of European civilization and Chinese culture in understanding the universe. With the growing reflection on rationalism in the 20th century, the complexity of the scientific view has made these two ways of thinking get close and complement each other. Nowadays, information flow has replaced traditional substance and machinery and become the focus of a new worldview. The forecast ＂all return to the same place, though travelling in different roads＂ by Yi Ching, which can be traced as far back as 2500 years, is becoming reality. The two ways of thinking converge at the basic point that human being are substances with consciousness. Relying on the intellectual capacity of humans, the endless cyclic information flow maintains the openness and unbalanced states of the complex universe-human system. This indicates the idea that ＂people are the heart of the world＂. The belief ＂the freedom is human nature＂ would have been a precondition of rationalism, however, from a complexity point of view, it is the space of exploration that all participants in a system should have, otherwise lives in the universes cannot be maintained.