21世纪初的世界博士教育发展趋势特征——基于OECD调查数据分析

The Trend of Doctoral Education in the Early 21st Century——Based on the data analysis of the OECD

在知识社会,博士学位的重要性日益增加,博士教育是国家创新体系的核心。通过分析经合组织的数据,可以发现博士教育的一些共同趋势:各国在逐渐扩大博士研究生规模和数量,博士教育内部结构中着重科学技术工程数学(STEM)学科博士的培养,全球人才竞争加剧使得博士研究生的国际流动加强;随着博士教育的发展,博士生就业市场在高等教育部门和私营部门面临挑战。研究经合组织国家博士教育的发展策略将会对我国博士生教育发展有重要借鉴意义。

In the knowledge society, the importance of the one who has doctor degree is increasing, and doctoral education is becoming the core of a national innovation system. Based on the data analysis of the OECD, we can find some common trends of doctoral education： Nearly every country is gradually expanding the size and number of Ph.D. students, and pays much attention to cultivate Ph.D. students on science, technology, engineering and mathematics （STEM） disciplines. Intensified competition of talent in global leads to the increasing international mobility of doctors. With the development of doctoral education, job market of doctors is facing challenges from the higher education institutions and the private sectors. Development strategies of doctoral education in OECD countries will play an important guiding role in the development of doctoral education in our country.