中国陆相页岩油开发前景与挑战

Prospects and challenges of continental shale oil development in China

随着中国页岩气勘探开发进程的推进,页岩油的勘探开发受到越来越多的关注。通过对国内外页岩油勘探开发现状追踪调研,并结合近年来泌阳凹陷陆相页岩油勘探实践,从页岩油的含义与基本特征入手,对中国陆相页岩油的形成条件、资源规模、勘探开发关键技术及面临的问题进行了深入分析。研究表明中国陆相断陷湖盆页岩油形成条件有利,资源丰富;中国目前现已初步形成了适合于陆相页岩地层的地质综合评价技术、水平井钻完井及多级分段压裂技术,并在泌阳凹陷、济阳坳陷等地区应用取得了页岩油勘探重要进展;目前制约中国陆相页岩油开发进程的主要问题集中反映在陆相页岩油渗流机理、甜点区评价等基础地质认识,旋转导向系统、微震裂缝监测技术等核心工程技术自主化,以及如何实现效益开发等3个方面,它们将是今后陆相页岩油开发进程中的攻关重点。

With the development of shale gas exploration in China, shale oil has attracted more and more attention. This investigation of shale oil exploration at home and abroad has reviewed the shale oil definition and characteristics, forming conditions, resource scale, key technology, problems and challenges with the shale oil exploration practice in the Biyang Sag. The results show that continental faulted basins in China have favorable shale oil conditions and rich resources. Technologies such as comprehensive geological evaluation, horizontal well drilling and completion, and multi-stage segmental fracturing have already been applied in China and important progress has been made in the Biyang Sag and the Jiyang Depression by using these technologies. There are three main problems in shale oil exploration and development. The first one concerns flow mechanism and reservoir evaluation. The second one is the independent research and development of some key engineering technologies such as a rotary steering system and micro-seismic fracture monitoring. The third one is the realization of economical exploration. All the problems above are the main research subjects in the future.