两种机制共同调节经济论——也谈市场决定与政府调控的关系

Economic Theory of Two Mechanisms in the Regulation——On the Relations between Market Determining and Government Regulation

中共十八届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》在关于市场与政府关系论述上有重大变化,提出了"使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用"的论述。这一新论述既有操作策略上的需要,与以前的表述又有理论上的实质差异。操作策略上的需要是要防范政府干预市场的基础性作用,理论上的差异是要厘清市场基础性作用和决定性作用。政府调控和市场决定的关系是分工协调和互相牵制。两个机制共同调节经济,市场决定贯穿在经济运行的一切过程,但政府调控对其有协同和牵制。同时,政府调控要处理好三对基本关系:在调控方式上,实行间接调控和直接调控的合理结合;在调控空间上,应以宏观调控为主,中观调控为辅;在调控时间上,应以经常规范为主,相机调控为辅。

Decision of CCCPC on Some Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening the Reform approved in the Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China makes a significant change in the statement of relationship between market and government,proposing 'to let the market play a decisive role in allocation of resources and to give better play of the role of government.' The statement meets the requirement of operation strategy,showing substantial differences in theory.The requirement of operation strategy refers to prevention of government intervention in the market's fundamental role;the theoretical difference aims to clarify the basic role and the decisive role of the market.The relationship between government regulation and market determining is coordinative and mutual restraining.The two mechanisms together to regulate the economy means that the market determining runs through all processes of economic operation and restrained by government regulation.Meanwhile,the government regulation should properly handle the three basic relations:in the regulation method,the right mix of the direct and indirect regulation and control should be implemented;in the regulation space,the macro control should be based and the medial governance supplemented;and in the regulation time,the frequent specification should be based and the camera-control supplemented.