两种生产理论的扩展及其对我国人口新政实施的启示--马克思主义两种生产理论的再阐释

The Extension of "Two Kinds of Production" Theory and Its Implication to the Implementation of New Population Policy——Reinterpretation of Marxism "Two Kinds of Production" Theory

在"未富先老"、劳动力短缺、独生子女家庭养老问题日益严峻的背景下,《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》作出了人口与生育政策的重大调整,启动了"单独二孩"政策。而目前亟待解决的问题是如何确保这一政策成功实施以发挥其作用。马克思主义的两种生产理论是较早指出人类自身生产对人类生存和发展重要作用的理论之一,必须在扩展两种生产理论的基础上,从思想上重视人口政策的人本关怀属性,为人口新政建立具有前瞻性的先行的系统配套,激发潜在和已经从事劳动的劳动人口的生产力,通过从根本上改善生产关系来提高人们的生育意愿,着力解决人口生产事务私人化的负外部性问题。

With the condition of people aging before getting rich,labor shortage,the problem of supporting old people faced by single-child families,Decision of CCCPC on Some Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening the Reform declares the major adjustment of population and childbearing policy and launches 'selective twochild policy.' At present,the urgent problem,which is how to ensure the successful implementation of this policy and give it full play,needs to be addressed.Marxism 'Two Kinds of Production' Theory is one of theories which point out the importance of human's reproduction to human survival and development.Based on the extension of 'Two Kinds of Production' Theory,the 'human care' attribute of population policy must be paid attention to.Prospective and antecedent system must be established for new population policy.The productivity of potential laboring population must be stimulated.Efforts should be made to address the negative externality problem of privatization of population production by fundamentally improving productive relations to raise people's fertility desire.