某系留气球的雷电电磁仿真

Lightning Electromagnetic Simulation of a Tethered Balloon

对某系留气球的瞬态雷电电磁环境及其球载雷达电子设备的雷电感应特性进行了电磁仿真研究。应用EMA3D电磁仿真软件及针对几种典型避雷索雷击附着方式,仿真分析了该系留气球的主要雷电电磁场分布演化特性和规律,并研究了相关典型球载设备互联电缆的雷电瞬态电磁响应特性,获得了典型雷电间接效应数据。从仿真结果看,搭载于气球副气囊挂架上的电子设备处的瞬态雷电磁感应强度达到了10 Gs(1Gs10-4T)左右,变化率约5 Gs/μs左右。挂架上各典型屏蔽电缆的屏蔽层雷电感应电流则在1~100 A之间不等,但各电缆的感应电流其波形模式却较为单一。比较于飞机雷电防护标准-RTCA DO-160F标准,球载电缆其特征雷电响应波形模式为少,且波形特征时间参数有一定差别。分析表明,对开展球载电子设备防护设计和试验而言,直接采用飞机雷电防护标准可能并不完全合适,应进行恰当的波形修订和裁剪。

The transient lightning electromagnetic environment and lightning induction characteristic of balloon-borne radar electron- ic equipments of a tethered balloon has been researched by electromagnetic simulation. By applying the EMA3D electromagnetic simulation software, the spatial distribution characteristic of lightning electromagnetic field around and inside the balloon for several typical lightning attachment modes is analyzed, the lightning transient induction characteristic of typical interconnecting cables of the balloon-borne electronic equipments are investigated, and some typical lightning indirect effect data is also obtained. From the simulations, the magnetic induction intensity approaches about 10 Gs (1Gs△10-4T) in place where the electronic equipments are carried at the holder of the balloon, and the rate of change approaches about 5 Gs/μs. The shielding layer lightning induced cur- rents of typical interconnecting cables in the holder are simulated to be between 1A to 100 A, but the waveform modes of the cable induced current are relatively single. Compared to the aircraft lightning protection standard-RTCA DO-160F standard, the charac- teristic waveform modes are more less for the balloon-borne interconnecting cables, and the characteristic time of the waveforms are also different. The simulation results show that it may be not completely appropriate to directly applying the aircraft lightning pro- tection standard to performing the lightning protection design and testing of balloon-borne electronic equipment, and necessary waveform revising and tailoring is required.