新疆边境地区伊宁县图兰扇头蜱形态学及分子生物学鉴定

Morphological classification and molecular identification of Rhipicephalus turanicus in Yining county,Xinjiang Autonomous Region,China

目的对新疆边境地区伊宁县图兰扇头蜱进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定。方法在新疆边境地区的伊宁县随机采集畜牧体表寄生蜱324只,进行形态学初步筛选,从中选取6只形态差异较大的图兰扇头蜱,进行线粒体16S rRNA和线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基Ⅰ(COⅠ)基因序列扩增、测序,并与GenBank登录的图兰扇头蜱参考序列进行遗传进化分析。结果形态学鉴定采集的伊宁县蜱类皆为图兰扇头蜱,两段序列的碱基组成均显示较高的A+T比例(16S rRNA基因为73.8%,COⅠ基因为70.34%),在变异程度上16S rRNA基因较COⅠ基因明显保守。结论首次应用形态学、16S rRNA和COⅠ基因测序分析表明新疆伊宁县采集蜱皆为图兰扇头蜱,并证明图兰扇头蜱具有生物多样性。

Objective To identify Rhipicephalus turanicus in Yining county, Xinjiang Autonomous Region based on morphological and molecular evidence. Methods In total, 324 ticks were collected off livestock in the border areas of Yining county, Xinjiang Autonomous Region. All ticks collected were initially screened according to morphological features, and then 6 ticks were selected by morphological differences, then the 16S rRNA and CO I were amplified by PCR and subsequently sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed with GenBank sequences. Results Rhipicephalus turanicus was observed and analyzed for its morphological characteristics. A high percentage of A A- T base composition in the two sequences was observed, variation on the 16S rRNA gene was significantly conservative than CO I gene. Conclusion Rhipicephalus turanicus were firstly reported by morphological, 16S rRNA and CO I gene sequencing analysis, and it present high biodiversity in Yining county, Xinjiang.