小学教师主观幸福感及其影响因素

Subjective Well- being of Primary School Teachers and Its Influencing Factors

目的:研究与小学教师主观幸福感相关的因素,寻找提高教师幸福感的有效途径。方法:用总体幸福感量表和压力来源量表对合肥市经济开发区小学139名教师进行测查。结果:小学教师主观幸福感平均分高于理论平均分;男教师主观幸福感显著高于女教师(t=2.734,P<0.01),同时在忧郁与愉快心境(t=2.236,P<0.05)对情感行为控制(t=2.613,P=0.01)上差异显著;未婚教师在紧张因子上得分显著高于已婚教师(t=2.147,P<0.05);收入高的教师主观幸福感显著高于收入低者(F=2.905,P<0.05),忧郁愉快心境差异显著(F=5.660,P<0.01);教师年龄与主观幸福感(r=0.209,P<0.05)和忧郁与愉快心境(r=0.234,P<0.01)低相关;年龄与主观幸福感(r=0.415,P=0.014)及忧郁愉快心境(r=0.108,P=0.006)显著线性相关。工作量压力与精力大小(r=-0.225,P=0.008)、家庭情感压力与紧张松弛(r=-0.207,P=0.015)、人际关系压力与情感行为控制(r=-0.184,P=0.030)显著负相关。结论:性别,年龄,收入及压力来源对小学教师主观幸福感有显著影响。

Objective： To explore the relevant factors of SWB of primary school teachers,looking for effective ways to improve the psychological quality. Methods： 139 primary school teachers were selected from Hefei EDA and assessed with Pressure Sources Scale and General Well- Being Schedule. Results：Primary school teachers＇ SWB were higher than mean grades; Male teachers＇ SWB were significantly higher than females＇（ t = 2. 743,P〈0. 01）,it showed the same influence on happy mood（ t = 2. 236. P〈0. 05）and affective control（ t = 2. 613,P = 0. 01）; Un- married teachers were obviously more nervous than those married（ t = 2. 147,P〈0. 05）; High income teachers＇ SWB were higher than low income earners（ F= 2. 905,P〈0. 05） and happy mood（ F = 5. 660,P〈0. 01）,which also showed obvious difference. Age and SWB（ r = 0. 415,P = 0. 014）,happy mood（ r = 0. 108,P = 0. 006） had significant linear correlation.Workload pressure and vigor（ r =-0. 225,P = 0. 008）,family emotional pressure and tension（ r =-0. 207,P = 0. 015）,interpersonal relationship pressure and emotional behavior control（ r =-0. 184,P =0. 030） had significantly negative linear correlation; Conclusion： Gender,income and stress sources dohave significant influences on primary school teachers＇ SWB.