大学生对不同教授年级教师性别的刻板印象

College Students' Stereotyped Impression of Teachers Depends on Grade or Gender

目的:验证大学生对不同教授年级教师职业是否存在性别刻板印象。方法:本研究采用内隐联想测验(IAT)的方法,以大学生为研究对象,采用2(男/女)×4(小学教师/初中教师/高中教师/大学教师)两因素实验设计,来研究大学生对不同教授年级教师职业性别刻板印象的状况。结果:对于不同教授年级组,大学生对教师性别刻板印象没有显著差异。而不同性别的大学生对教师职业性别刻板印象存在显著差异(F=31.84,P<0.01)。对于男性被试,男教师姓名与积极词汇之间的平均反应时小于男教师姓名与消极词汇之间的平均反应时,且差异显著(t=-4.611,P<0.01)。对于女性被试,女教师姓名与积极词汇之间的平均反应时小于女教师姓名与消极词汇之间的平均反应时,且差异显著(t=3.242,P<0.01)。结论:大学生对与自己同性别的教师存在性别刻板印象,而对不同教授年级的教师则没有发现性别刻板印象的现象。

Objective： To research on college students＇ stereotyped impression of teacher according to their gender and the grade. Methods： Through the employment of Implicit Association Test（ IAT）,college students had been chosen as the object and the study had been designed as 2（ male / female） × 4（ teaching at primary school / middle school / high school / college）. Results： For students ＇ stereotyped impression of teachers,there was no significant differences in the grade; but there was significant differences in gender.（ F = 31. 84,P〈0. 01） For male,the average response time of the male teachers＇ name and the active vocabulary was less than the male teachers＇ name and the negative vocabulary,and the difference was significant.（ t =-4. 611,P〈0. 01）. For female,the average response time of the female teachers＇ name and the active vocabulary was less than the female teachers＇ name and the negative vocabulary,and the difference was significant.（ t = 3. 242,P〈0. 01）. Conclusion： Stereotyping exists when teacher has same gender with the college students but grade is not a factor causes stereotyping.