转型之初的政制调整:1928-1929年南京国民政府议设省警务处始末

On Political System Adjustment at the Beginning of the Transformation:Setting up Provincial Police Department in the Period of KMT Government Period(1928-1929)

南京国民政府在成立之初,裁撤北京政府时期设置的各省警务处,将警政移并民政厅管辖。北伐结束后,国民政府宣布训政开始,并将围剿红军和整理内政列为工作重心。为了适应新形势的发展,国民政府根据蒋介石提议,决定各省设置省警务处。在筹设过程中,如何调和新设机关与现行机构的关系,特别是省警务处与民政厅的关系,不仅中央各院部立场不同,而且各省反应各异,并直接影响省警务处设置的最终命运。在省警务处议设过程中各方不同态度及结果,正反映了国民政府从"军政时期"向"训政时期"转型之初政制调整的困境。

The provincial police departments, set up during the period of Beijing Government, were abolished and merged into the Secretary of Home Affairs in the early years of KMT Government. KMT Government announced that the political tutelage began, and suppression of the Red Army and finishing interior were listed as the focus of the work. In order to adapt to the new situation, the National Government decided to set up provincial police departments following Chiang Kai-shek＇s proposal. During the planning, the Central Ministries had different positions about how to reconcile the relationship between the new authorities and existing institutions, particularly the relationship between the Police and the provincial Civil Affairs Department, not to say the provinces concerned. The controversy directly affected the ultimate fate of police departments. The parties of different attitudes and results during the discussion of designing and setting up the provincial police departments was a reflection of the plight of the constitutional adjustment at the beginning of the transformation from ＂The Military Period＂ to ＂the period of political tutelage＂.