铀金属在惰性气体密封环境中表面氧化腐蚀分析

Analysis of Surface Oxidation Corrosion of Uranium Metal in Noble-Gas Sealed Environment

利用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、能量色散X射线能谱（EDS）、X射线衍射（XRD）分析铀金属在惰性气氛中贮存10年后的表面腐蚀状况，探讨了引起铀金属表面发生氧化自燃及腐蚀坑形成的因素．结果表明，铀金属贮存10年后。表面发生氧化、自燃，形成腐蚀坑，其材质中杂质铁元素含量异常，长期密封贮存和贮存环境介质化学行为是主要原因．腐蚀坑氧化物为UO2和U3O6．铀金属氢化反应生成UH3，UHs直接暴露于空气中而发生自燃．

Surface corrosion of uranium metal during storage for 10 years in an inert gas atmosphere was examined. The factors causing uranium metal surface oxidation, spontaneous combustion, and etch pit formation were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDS）, and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The results show that the main factors are the iron concentration in the uranium, the long-term and sealed storage conditions, and chemical behaviors of intermediates in the storage environment. UO2 and U308 cause etch pits, and the hydrogenation reaction product UH3 combusts spontaneously on exposure to air.