北黄海海樽类的种类组成和分布特征

Species Composition and Distribution of Thaliacea in the North Yellow Sea

为研究北黄海海樽类的群落特征,根据2006—2007年北黄海(36.95°N^39.66°N,120.95°E^124.02°E)海域4个季节的海洋调查资料,分析了北黄海海樽类的种类组成、数量变化、分布特征及其与环境的关系。结果显示:北黄海共记录到浮游海樽类4种,其中春季1种,夏季3种,秋季1种,冬季在北黄海未记录到海樽类。梭形纽鳃樽(Salpafusiformis)在春季和夏季两个季节都有出现,分布区主要位于黄海中部,且夏季大于春季,两季节的平均丰度分别为5.2和2.5ind/m3。贝环纽鳃樽(Cyclosalpa bakeri)仅在夏季出现,分布在黄海冷水团区,平均丰度仅为0.1ind/m3。软拟海樽(Dolioetta gegenbauri)仅在夏季1个站位出现,丰度仅为0.2ind/m3。暖水种小齿海樽(Doliolum denticulatum)是秋季北黄海唯一记录到的海樽类,分布几乎遍及整个研究水域,并具有很高的丰度,平均丰度为34.4ind/m3。典型的暖水种小齿海樽在北黄海的大量出现并成为浮游动物的优势种可能是温带水域的海洋生态系统对全球变暖的响应信号。

According to the data collected in 4 surveys of the North Yellow Sea （36.95°N～39.66°N,120.95°E～124.02°E） during a period lasting from 2006 and 2007,the species composition,abundance variation,distribution pattern and the relation between Thaliacea and environment were analyzed.A total of 4 species were recorded,3 in summer and 1 in spring,1 in autumn,and no Thaliacea species was recorded in winter.Salpa fusiformis was an important species in surveyed area,which was 2.5 and 5.2 ind/m3 in average in spring and summer,respectively.Salpa fusiformis mainly distributed in the Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water area,and the regional distribution in summer was more widely ranged than that in spring.Cold-water species Cyclosalpa bakeri was only recorded in summer in the Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water area,with a low average abundance 0.1 ind/m3.Warm-water species Doliolum denticulatum widely distributed in the North Yellow Sea in autumn,and the average abundance was 34.4 ind/m3.This was the first typical warm-water species recorded as a dominant species in the North Yellow Sea.The appearance of the typical warm-water species with great abundance in the North Yellow Sea might signal the temperate response of marine ecosystem to global warming,and more observations and studies on this rare phenomenon are highly appreciated.