运动性骨骼肌损伤后不同时刻大鼠肱三头肌超微结构及肌酸激酶的变化

Different Exhausted Points After Eccentric Exercise Triceps Ultrastructure and Creatine Kinase Changes in Expression

通过建立大鼠下坡跑运动损伤模型,研究运动损伤后骨骼肌超微损伤和恢复发生的机制。主要结果：运动后大鼠肱三头肌超微结构发生改变,电镜下可见肌纤维排列紊乱,Z线异常（包括Z线流、Z线模糊、Z线扭曲和Z线消失）,肌细胞膜模糊、溶解,线粒体肿胀、空泡样改变等。这些现象随运动时间的不同而发生改变。运动后24 h表现最为明显,而后逐渐恢复;运动后72 h恢复明显,但没有完全恢复。运动后即刻血清CK活性（2035.42±426.49）U/L与对照组血清CK活性（293.66±76.07）U/L相比,非常显著增高（P〈0.01）,达到了峰值,而后逐渐恢复。运动后72h组血清CK活性（425.51±143.34）U/L与即刻组血清CK活性相比已显著恢复（P〈0.01）。结论：运动后24h骨骼肌的损伤程度最为严重,72 h后可明显恢复;大强度运动对CK的活性具有非常显著的影响,血清CK活性的变化能够反映运动后骨骼肌超微结构损伤的状况。

Through the establishment of sports injury model of rats after downhill running different exhausted points after the eccentric exercise and the ultrastructure of skeletal muscle injury mechanism were studied. The result is as follows： after acute eccentric exercise rat triceps ultrastructure changed, muscle cell membrane was fuzzy and dissolved,muscle fiber ar- rangement was in disorder, mitochondria exhibited swelling and vacuole degeneration, Z line was abnormal （ included Z line flow, Z line vagueness, Z line twist and Z line disappearance）, sarcoplasmic reticulum swelled and so on. Injury was most obvious 24 hours after exercise, and then restores gradually. It had basically restored 72 hours after exercise. The serum CK activity immediately after exercise （2035.42 ± 426.49） U/L increased significantly compared with the control group （293.66 ± 76.07） U/L（ P 〈 0.01 ） reached peak value, and then restored gradually, the serum CK activity 72 hours after exercise （425.51 ± 143.34）U/L restored significantly compared with exercise group（ P 〈 0.01 ）24 hours after the eccen- tric exercise ,72 hours after significantly restored. The conclusion is that an exhaustive centrifugal ultrastructural exercise rat skeletal muscle bodies changed, and the change was most obvious after 24 hours, followed by gradual resumption of ex- ercise and the restore was significant after 72 hours. The first exhaustive exercise immediately after centrifugation serum CK activity was significantly increased and serum CK activity can reflect the changes in skeletal muscle ultrastructure after sports injury conditions.