改革开放以来我国武术文化比较研究的回顾与展望

Retrospect and Prospect on the Comparative Study of Wushu Culture in China since Reform and Opening-up

采用文献计量法、内容分析法、逻辑分析法等,对武术文化比较文献进行计量统计,并对武术文化比较研究中的研究视角、研究方法以及主题内容等归纳分析,在此基础上探究武术文化比较中的存在问题与研究前景。研究结果表明,武术文化比较的研究视角涉及哲学、传播学、教育学、美学、宗教学等领域,学科交叉的视角比较明显;方法选取主要以文献资料法为主,并强调多种研究方法的综合运用,但也暴露出错将方法论理解为研究方法的问题;主题内容上关注身体认知对武术文化形成的作用,传统武术与现代竞技武术传承规律的区别,国家政策、媒体推广、商业运作等武术国际化推广的战略差异,不同教学内容、教学方式、教材编写对武术教育训练的影响,社会环境变迁与武术文化发展之间的演化规律。建议武术文化比较研究要注重从文化要素静态向历史过程动态,由文献资料梳理向田野调查实证,由武术文化主体向武术文化生态等比较方式转变。

This paper does metering statistic for comparative literature of Wushu culture and inductive analysis for research perspective, research methods and thematic content in the comparative study of Wushu culture by literature statistic meth- od, content analysis and logic analysis and probes existing problems and research prospect on the comparison of Wushu cul- ture on this basis. The result shows that comparative study perspective of Wushu culture is relates to the field of philoso- phy, communication, education, aesthetics, and religion and so on. The interdisciplinary perspective is obvious. The compar- ative study methods of Wushu culture mainly chose literature and stressed the comprehensive use of various research meth- ods but also exposed the problems that methodology was wrong understood as research methods. They pay attention to the role of body awareness for the form of Wushu culture on thematic content, the difference of inheritance law between tradi- tional Wushu and the modem athletics Wushu, the strategy difference of Wushu international promotion in national poli- cies ,media outreach and business operations, the impacts on education and training in Wushu from different teaching con- tent, teaching methods and teaching materials and evolution law between the social environment changes and cultural devel- opment of Wushu. This paper suggests comparative study of Wushu culture must focus on comparison modes transforms from cultural elements static state to historical process dynamic state, from literature review to fieldwork survey and from Wnshu cultural subject to Wushu cultural ecology.