马克思消费思想的现实基础与理论渊源

Real Foundation and Ideological Source of Karl·Marx's Consumption Theory

马克思消费思想的产生与他那个时代的社会经济状况和思想理论动态有着密不可分的关系。资本主义社会发展初期,由于采用了新的生产方式,生产力获得巨大发展,社会财富急剧增长,但与之相伴随的却是贫困现象和两级分化的出现,大部分的消费被限制在不至于饿死的地步,这是马克思消费思想形成的现实之基。面对这个发展中的矛盾,资本主义社会有许多学者提出各种各样的消费理论,但共同点是掩盖资本主义的矛盾,漠视工人的消费,这些代表各阶级利益的政治经济学家的有关理论,为马克思确定自己研究消费的立场、方法和观点提供了颇有启迪的思想材料。

Consumption theory of Karl ·Marx is closely connected with social and economic development and ideological research of the times. At the beginning period of capitalist society, with the rapid development of productive forces, social wealth grew greatly, but poverty and polarization occurred at the same time and starvation was the bottom limit of consumption. This is the real foundation of consumption theory of Karl·Marx.Some scholars in capitalist countries put forward various consumption theories, but their common feature is that they concealed the contradictions in capitalism. This is the ideological materials for consumption theory of Karl·Marx.